Volume - VIII / CHAPTER - 1 / LESSON NO: 19 / PAGE 2 of 2
CASES IN WHICH ATONEMENT IS ALSO DUE
Q15: What about he who was taking "Sahri" and in the meanwhile the dawn came off but even then he swallowed up the morsel he was masticating then?
A. If one was taking "Sahri" (pre-dawn meal for fast) and in the meanwhile the dawn came off or he was eating something by mistake and on remembrance he did not spit it out but swallowed up, in such cases Kaffaarah would become due. But in case, he took out a morsel from his mouth and ate that up again, in this case only Qada would be due not Kaffaarah.
Q16: What injunction is there in regard to eating of gram greens or leaves of a tree?
A. If a fasting man ate gram greens, Kaffaarah would become due. So is the case with leaves of a tree and all other vegetables that are eaten otherwise not.
Q17: What injunction regarding the skin of melon or watermelon is there?
A. If a fasting man ate the skin of a melon or watermelon that had gone dry or was in a disgusting condition then Kaffaarah would not be due otherwise due. For example, in some families, the dishes of the skin of watermelon are prepared and eaten. In such case, Kaffaarah would definitely be due if eaten intentionally.
Q18: What injunction is there as to eating of uncooked rice, millet and barley etc?
A. If a fasting man ate uncooked rice or millet or barley or pulses like "Masoor" (lentil) or "Moong" (green gram), Kaffaarah would not be due. So is the case with the uncooked barley. But in case they are roasted ones like roasted corns, barley, "Murmuray" (swollen parched rice), "Kheel" or "Kheelain" (parched inflated rice) which some people eat with relish, Kaffaarah would be due. Likewise, eating of green peas and beans will also make Kaffaarah due.
Q19: Will Kaffaarah be due or not if one eats musk, saffron etc. or drinks the water juice of watermelon?
A. Eating of musk, saffron, camphor or vinegar and drinking of the water juice of melon, water-melon, cucumber, "Baaqilaa" (a kind of bean) will make Kaffaarah due.
Q20: What injunction is there if a fasting man backbites somebody and then breaks the fast before time thinking that his fast is spoilt by the backbiting?
A. If a fasting man backbitten somebody or anointed himself and then broke the fast before time (ate or drank something) under the fallacy that his fast was spoilt or he consulted a religious scholar to this effect who gave an edict of the spoiling of his fast and then he ate or drank something, in such cases Kaffaarah would be due.
Q21: What injunction is there if a fasting man ate or drank something by mistake but later he ate or drank again despite the knowledge that fast is not spoilt by such thing (s)?
A. If a fasting man ate or drank something or had sex by mistake or he vomitted and thereafter he ate or drank something despite the knowledge that fast is not spoilt by such thing(s), in such situation Kaffaarah would not become due, for, occurance of such thing(s) during fasting really spoil the fast. At such a stage, one can be doubtful and doubt does not make Kaffaarah due. But in case a fasting man discharged during sleep and thereafter he ate or drank something knowing well that his fast was not spoilt by the discharge of semen, in such case Kaffaarah would be due otherwise not.
Q22: What injunction is there if a fasting man had sex under duress but later he began enjoying himself?
A. If a fasting man or woman was forced to have sex and
at the outset he/she did it under duress but later he/she began enjoying the sex, in such situation Kaffaarah would not be due as the fast was already spoilt at the beginning.
Q23: What is meant by "duress" discussed about in the preceeding question?
A. Duress means "Ikraah-e-Shar'ee" i.e. one is threatened with dire consequences like killing, amputation of any limb of the body, serious injury or severe beating and that the fasting man also understands that his refusal to submit-to will put him in great trouble.
Q24: Will Kaffaarah be due or not if one swallows up a sesame-seed?
A. If a fasting man put a sesame-seed or any other thing of its size into his mouth and gobbled that down without mastication, in such case his fast would be spoilt and Kaffaarah would become due. But in case he masticated a sesame-seed or its ilk and that went beyond his throat with the spittle then his fast would not be spoilt because a thing as small as a sesame-seed, if masticated, can not reach the throat. Hence, no spoilling of the fast. But if its taste is felt in the throat, the fast would be spoilt.
Q25: Will Kaffaarah be due or not if a fasting man ate or drank something in a case that had no indicator of the spoil of fast under the fallacy that his fast was spoilt and a Muslim jurist also endorsed his supposition?
A. If a fasting man ate or drank something on his own supposition in a case that had no indicator of the spoil of his fast and a reliable "Mufti" (Muslim jurist) also gave an edict about the spoilling of his fast or he heard a "Hadees" to that effect which he misunderstood and concluded that his fast had spoilt and then he ate or drank something intentionally, in such situation Kaffaarah would not be due even though the edict of the "Musti" was proved wrong later and the Hadees which he had heard also disproved his interpretation.
Note: It is not advisable for the general public to interprete or find out argument(s) from "Ahaadees" (Prophetic sayings, practices and guidances) at their own but instead they should consult reliable "Ulama" (religious scholars) otherwise they will go off the track.
Q26: What injunction is there if a fasting man who is suffering from intermittent fever breaks his fast before time on the expected day of fever?
A. If a fasting man who suffered from intermittent fever broke his fast before time on the expected day of fever supposing that it might attack him then Kaffaarah would stand annulled.
Q27: What injunction is there if a fasting woman breaks her fast before time expecting menstruation?
A. If a fasting woman who had set dates of menstruation every month broke her fast before time on the expected day of the commencement of menstruation supposing that she may have the natural period but she did not, in such situation Kaffaarah would not be due.
Q28: What about the one who forces a fasting man to break his fast before time?
A. The one who forces a fasting man to break his obligatory fast before time without any valid excuse is a devil incarnate and deserves the torment of hell and the fasting man who succumbs to pressure and breaks his obligatory fast before time without any valid excuse heaps torment upon himself and in case it was the obligatory fast of Ramadaan, being observed in the holy month of Ramadaan then Kaffaarah would also be due. For example, if a fasting man breaks his fast before time owing to repeated advice or pressure of others, it is no "Ikraah-e-Shar'ee" even though people may describe it as "compulsion or valid excuse". Kaffaarah will stand annulled only in case of Ikraah-e-Shar'ee.
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